G2A belongs to the most interesting one, I think. Spread Bomb provide a large range of shot, but unfortunately it's power is far not as strong as in the previous chapters.
G2B is some way similar to G1, or say it is better. This is because G2B has a more powerful missile plus a larger range of front weapon, the Ripple Laser.
G2C has the largest range of shot, but of the weakest in overall power. Though the power of this type is weak, it got the most advantage in defense. It is especially useful in the final stage, and many stages beyond the first loop.
G4A got the most powerful missile, up to the present of the Gradius history. Vertical Mine can be throw in all direction. It's dynamic power is of the stongest. Appropriate use of Vertical Mine can result in power beyond imagination. This is also the most powerful type in revival play. However, the laser type of G4A is of very weak. In most time, I suggest players not to equip Armor Piercing. Believe me but even the normal shot is better than it, especially from and beyond the Cell stage.
G4B should belongs to the one with highest potential I think, since my early contact of GRADIUS IV. It is because both the missile and laser of this type are of very strong. Hold down the missile button can allows Flying Torpedo to fly up and down which provide a large range of shot. Press the missile button rapidly can allows Flying Torpedo to fly to the front. This weapon type has the advantage in both defense and assault.